Fri Apr 05 2024

82 articles - From Friday Mar 29 2024 to Friday Apr 05 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Hepatology

Management of coagulopathy among patients with cirrhosis undergoing upper endoscopy and paracentesis: Persistent gaps and areas of consensus in a multispecialty Delphi.

We found many areas of consensus that may serve as a foundation for a common set of practice metrics for the peri-procedure management of coagulopathy in cirrhosis.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Endosc Int Open

Outcomes predictors in endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy with lumen-apposing metal stent: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

EUS-CDS with LAMS is a safe and effective option for relief of MBO. Selecting an appropriate stent size is crucial for achieving optimal safety outcomes.

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Radiofrequency ablation for ampullary neoplasia with intraductal extension after endoscopic papillectomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

RFA is feasible and appears to be effective for managing residual or recurrent lesions with intraductal extension after EP. However, long-term follow-up and high-quality studies are required to confirm our findings.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Natural history of clinical outcomes and hepatic decompensation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

The most common first liver-related event in MASLD patients is ascites. The median survival from the first hepatic decompensation to either death or transplantation is 2 years.

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Quantitative MRCP and metrics of bile duct disease over time in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: A prospective study.

Quantitative MRCP+ identifies changes in ductal disease over time in PSC, despite stability in biochemistry, liver stiffness and radiologist-derived cholangiographic assessment (trial registration ISRCTN39463479).

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Am J Gastroenterol

Somatic Mutational Analysis in EUS-Guided Biopsy of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Assessing Yield and Impact.

EUS sampling is nearly always adequate for somatic testing and may have substantial potential and real impact on treatment decisions.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Antibiotic Use in the 12 months Prior to Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Increases the Risk for Pouchitis.

In this population-based cohort study, we demonstrated that antibiotic exposure in the 12 months prior to IPAA is associated with an increased risk of acute pouchitis. Future prospective studies may isolate specific microbial changes in at-risk patients to drive earlier interventions.

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IMPACT OF ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT IN SEVERE DUODENAL POLYPOSIS: A NATIONAL STUDY IN FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS PATIENTS.

In this long-term cohort follow up, endoscopic treatment of patients with severe duodenal polyposis appears relatively safe and effective as an alternative to surgery for the prevention of cancer.

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Endosc Int Open

Verification of the increase in concomitant dysplasia and cancer with the size of sessile serrated lesions.

In cases of SSL, the rate of SSLD and SSL-cancer increased as the lesion diameter increased. A certain rate of SSLD and SSL-cancer was observed even in small SSLs less than 5mm.

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Endoscopy

Effect of AI on performance of endoscopists to detect Barrett neoplasia: A Randomized Tandem Trial.

BE nonexperts benefitted significantly from the additional AI. BE experts and nonexperts remained below the standalone performance of AI, suggesting that there may be other factors influencing endoscopists to follow or discard AI advice.

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Gastroenterology

ADVANCES IN NON-RESPONSIVE AND REFRACTORY CELIAC DISEASE.

Diagnosis of RCDII relies on the demonstration of a clonal population of neoplastic intraepithelial lymphocytes with an atypical immunophenotype. RCDI and RCDII generally responds to open capsule budesonide, but the latter has a dismal prognosis due to severe malnutrition and frequent progression to Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma and more efficient therapy is needed.

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Comparative Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening With Blood-Based Biomarkers (Liquid Biopsy) vs Fecal Tests or Colonoscopy.

High APL sensitivity, which can result in CRC prevention, should be a top priority for screening test developers. APL detection should not be penalized by a definition of test specificity that focuses on CRC only.

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Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening With a Blood Test That Meets the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Coverage Decision.

Even with higher screening uptake, triennial blood-based screening, with the CMS-specified minimum performance sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 90%, was not projected to be cost-effective compared with established strategies for colorectal cancer screening.

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Gluten-free diet induces rapid changes in phenotype and survival properties of gluten-specific T cells in celiac disease.

GFD induces rapid changes in phenotype and number of gluten-specific CD4+ blood T cells, including a peak of non-proliferating, non-apoptotic cells at day 14. Subsequent alterations in T-cell phenotype associate with the quiescent but chronic nature of treated CeD. The rapid changes affecting gluten-specific T cells and disease-specific antibodies offer opportunities for clinical trials aiming at developing non-dietary treatments for newly diagnosed CeD patients.

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Gut

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on monitoring and management of Barrett's oesophagus and stage I oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Endoscopic ablation is effective and indicated to eradicate Barrett's oesophagus in patients with dysplasia. Future research should focus on improved accuracy for dysplasia detection via new technologies and providing more robust evidence to support pathways for follow-up and treatment.

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Optimal glycaemic control and the reduced risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer in patients with diabetes: a population-based cohort study.

Glycaemic control in patients with DM was independently associated with the risk of colonic adenoma and CRC development with a biological gradient.

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Pancreas-directed AAV8-hSPINK1 gene therapy safely and effectively protects against pancreatitis in mice.

Germline loss-of-function variants in safely targets the pancreas with high transduction efficiency and effectively ameliorates pancreatitis phenotypes in mice. This approach is promising for the prevention and treatment of CP.

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Hepatology

Conserved long noncoding RNA TILAM promotes liver fibrosis through interaction with PML in hepatic stellate cells.

TILAM is activated in HSCs with liver injury and interacts with PML to drive the development of fibrosis. Depletion of TILAM may serve as a therapeutic approach to combat the development of end stage liver disease.

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Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate mouse liver fibrosis by inhibiting pathogenic function of intrahepatic B cells.

Intrahepatic B-cell serve as a target of MSCs, play an important role in the process of MSC-induced amelioration of LF, and may provide new clues for revealing the novel mechanisms of MSC action.

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Nuclear KRT19 is a transcriptional co-repressor promoting histone deacetylation and liver tumorigenesis.

Our data show that nuclear KRT19 acts as a transcriptional co-repressor through promoting the deacetylase activity of the CoREST complex, resulting in dedifferentiation of liver cancer. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized function of KRT19 in directly shaping the epigenetic landscape in cancer.

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Nutritional aspects of prehabilitation in adults with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplant.

Future research is warranted to more accurately evaluate energy needs, evaluate emerging dietary supplementation strategies, and establish the role of nutraceuticals alongside food-based interventions. While the general principles of nutritional prehabilitation are ready for immediate application, future large-scale randomized controlled trials in this space will help to quantify the benefit that can be gained by transitioning the LT approach from passive "transplant waitlist time" to active "transplant preparation time."

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Variants in autophagy genes MTMR12 and FAM134A are putative modifiers of the hepatic phenotype in α1-antitrypsin deficiency.

These results validate the concept that genetic variation in autophagy function can determine susceptibility to liver disease in ATD and provide evidence that polygenic mechanisms and multiple patient-specific variants are likely needed for proteotoxic pathology.

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J Hepatol

Multicentre phase II trial of cabozantinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.

Cabozantinib demonstrates efficacy in patients with prior ICI. The survival data of second-line cabozantinib following the first-line ICI regimen provide reference for clinical trial testing post-ICI therapy. The number of prior line of treatment may be considered a stratification factor in randomized study. Impact and implications There is a lack of prospective data on systemic therapy following prior immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current phase II clinical trial reported the efficacy and safety data of cabozantinib in patients with prior ICI-based treatment. Exploratory analyses showed that the performance of cabozantinib differed significantly when used as second or third-line treatment. The above data could be used a reference for clinical practice and design of future clinical trials on subsequent treatment following ICIs.

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Prominent role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis-related liver disease in mice.

Defective CFTR in the gut sustains a pathogenic microbiota, creates an inflammatory milieu, and alters intestinal permeability. These changes are necessary for the development of cholangiopathy. Restoring CFTR in the intestine or modulating the microbiota could be a promising strategy to prevent or attenuate liver disease. Impact and implications Severe cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD) affects 10% of the patients and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality of CF patients. Treatment options remain limited due to a lack of understanding of the disease pathophysiology. The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) mediates Cl - and HCO - secretion in the biliary epithelium and its defective function is thought to cause cholestasis and excessive inflammatory responses in CF. However, our study in CFTR-knockout mice demonstrates that microbial dysbiosis, combined with increased intestinal permeability caused by defective CFTR in the intestinal mucosa, acts as a necessary co-factor for the development of CFLD-like liver pathology in mice. These findings uncover a major role for the gut microbiota in CFLD pathogenesis and call for further investigation and clinical validation to develop targeted therapeutic strategies acting on the gut-liver axis in CF.

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Prospective head-to-head comparison of non-invasive scores for diagnosis of fibrotic MASH in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Our findings show that FAST, MAST, MEFIB and FNI are accurate non-invasive tools to identify T2DM patients with fibrotic MASH in secondary/tertiary diabetes clinics. Cutoffs adapted to T2DM population should be considered.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Effect of Trimebutine and Rifaximin on Breath Hydrogen and Methane by Glucose Breath Test in Patients With Functional Bloating: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial.

Methods We performed a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial ( no. KCT0004836) that included patients with functional bloating, no constipation, and SIBO using the hydrogen (H .

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Factors Associated With the Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Miyagi Part of the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Community-based Cohort Study.

This large cross-sectional population-based cohort study identified several factors associated with IBS prevalence. Psychological factors were significantly associated with IBS prevalence across al age groups and sexes.

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Multimorbidity of Allergic Diseases Is Associated With Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in a Young Japanese Population.

Allergic disease multimorbidity is positively correlated with the prevalence of FD and IBS in a young population.

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Retrograde Cricopharyngeus Dysfunction, a New Motility Disorder: Single Center Case Series and Treatment Results.

Our case series of 50 patients with R-CPD shows very good short-term and good long-term improvement of symptoms after injection of BT. These results are in line with previous studies.

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The Effect of Clostridium butyricum on Gut Microbial Changes and Functional Profiles of Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Rats Depending on Age and Sex.

Background/aims A high-fat diet (HFD) causes dysbiosis and promotes inflammatory responses in the colon. This study aims to evaluate the effects of on HFD-induced gut dysbiosis in young male rats originate from the functional profiles of carbohydrate and energy metabolism.

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The Effects of Fermented Rice Drink With Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JSA22 in Overweight Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study.

Background/aims This study aims to investigate the effect of a fermented rice drink with JSA22 showed a beneficial effect in reducing abdominal distension in IBS patients. Bacteria that reduce visceral fat accumulation increased in the stool and saliva of patients who consumed fermented rice drinks.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Review article: Telecare in gastroenterology-Within the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Telecare is a useful model of care to allow gastroenterology centres to function within the context of COVID-19 isolation and beyond. It has significant benefits for patients who face geographical and financial barriers to accessing healthcare. Telecare models such as the Pokapū Network hold promise in reducing inequities for gastroenterology patients. Such models must be introduced with consideration of digital disparities that exist amongst patients to avoid worsening the digital divide.

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Endosc Int Open

Standard screening high-definition colonoscopy without any optimization device is no longer relevant: Time to move to optimized screening colonoscopy.

However, despite substantial and consistent data, practices remain unchanged, and HD-WLI colonoscopy, considered the "standard," is still routinely performed without any optimization devices. The objective of this viewpoint is to understand the barriers to change and to show why standard screening colonoscopy without the use of any optimization devices should no longer be considered relevant in 2024.

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Gastroenterology

Liquid Biopsy for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Not So Bloody Fast.

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Longitudinal Change of Alcohol Use is a Dynamic Contributor to Steatotic Liver Disease Progression.

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Of Humans and Machines in Endoscopy: Flying Solo, Instrument-Aided, or on Autopilot?

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J Hepatol

Acute-on-chronic liver failure-steps for harmonization of the definition!

Although al the definitions have several similarities and connote high short-term mortality, a clear and standardized definition is still lacking, hampering research in therapeutic areas. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences among various definitions and propose steps to harmonise and be inclusive of EASL-CLIF, APASL, NACSELD, Japanese, and Chinese definitions of ACLF.

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Planar cell polarity is crucial for proper morphogenesis of the bile ducts.

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Review: Opportunities and barriers for omics-based biomarker discovery in steatotic liver diseases.

While no omics-based biomarkers have matured to clinical implementation, the extent of data generated through omics-technologies holds the power of hypothesis-free discovery of a plethora of candidate biomarkers to be further validated. To explore the many opportunities of omics technologies, hepatologists need detailed knowledge of commonalities and differences between the various omics layers, and both the barriers to and advantages of these approaches.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment of Diabetic Gastroparesis.

Gastrointestinal motility disorders are closely related to a variety of factors including the absence and destruction of interstitial cells of Cajal, abnormalities in the neuro-endocrine system and hormone levels. Therefore, this study will review recent literature on the mechanisms of DGP and gastrointestinal motility disorders as well as the development of prokinetic treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders in order to give future research directions and identify treatment strategies for DGP.

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Exploring the Atypical Allergy Spectrum in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions: From Food to Aeroallergens.

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How Does Esophageal Smooth Muscle Change After Denervation in Achalasia?

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Opioid-induced Constipation: Old and New Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment.

The bowel functional index is the main tool for assessing the severity of OIC and for monitoring the response. The paper discusses the recent literature on the pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, and management of OIC and provides a pragmatic approach for its assessment and treatment.

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Retrograde Cricopharyngeus Dysfunction: Inability of Belch Due to Upper Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation Failure.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Bleeding Gastric Polyps: A Rare Presentation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis.

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Calendar of Courses, Symposiums and Conferences.

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Scratch Beneath the Surface: Unexpected Colonic Perforation.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Best Practices for Educating in Gastroenterology Fellowship: A Primer on Instruction Vs Coaching.

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Clinical Outcomes and Safety of Upper Endoscopy While on Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.

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Commentary: Liquid Biopsy for Average-Risk Colorectal Cancer Screening.

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Endoscopy

Autologous skin-grafting surgery with novel continuous liquid infusion stent for prevention of esophageal stenosis after complete circular endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection.

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Cholangioscopy-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection for gallbladder polyp and stone extraction for cholecystocholedocholithiasis.

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Cholecystitis in patients with a fully covered self-expandable metal stent with and without externally anchored plastic stents.

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Closing the gender authorship gap.

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ESGE - Advancing Quality in Endoscopy.

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Endoscopic hand-suturing training model.

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Endoscopic lithotripsy for an impacted biliary stone at the confluence of the cystic duct and common bile duct using a novel drill dilator.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection for residual gastric lesion made easier thanks to use of adaptative traction device.

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Endoscopy E-Videos - recently published.

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Establishing ground truth of polyp size, morphology, and volume using three-dimensional scanning.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Freehand suturing to apply traction during endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Metal versus plastic stents for walled-off pancreatic necrosis: much alike, then which?

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Navigating the depths: an endoscopic triumph in removing a massive duodenal polyp.

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Ring-string traction for successful endoscopic clip closure to treat delayed perforation of the ulcer bed after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection in retroflexion for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the fundus.

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Gastroenterology

Increased risk of aspiration pneumonia associated with endoscopic procedures among patients with Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use.

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Hepatology

Hepatology Highlights.

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Pathological polyploidy and liver repair failure in RAD51-deficient mice.

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Single-cell based molecular classification in systematic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: From in silico to bedside.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

A Reassessment of Misclassifications in MASLD: Points to Consider.

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Author Response to Letter to the Editor.

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The comparative efficacy of buprenorphine to diclofenac for pain control in acute pancreatitis.

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Gut

Enhanced efficiency of the 'family index-case method': why and when?

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Gut microbial metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Microscopic pathology assessment of colorectal polyp size is less accurate than intracolonoscopic assessment.

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Predicting treatment response in ASUC: do we measure systemic severity, organ response or both?

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J Hepatol

Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Diagnosed with MASLD, MAFLD, or Both.

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Prednisolone with azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil as first-line therapy in autoimmune hepatitis: insights from a randomized controlled trial.

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Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia as a risk factor for liver complications.

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The MASLD criteria overlook a number of adolescent patients with severe steatosis.

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Unaswered questions for non-acute (NAD) and acute (AD) decompensation in cirrhosis.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Ambulatory Impedance-pH Assessment Is the Industry Standard But Is It Always the Best Choice?

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